May
23
2013

Sweden Business Etiquette

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Kingdom of Sweden

First, the origins of country names. Kingdom of Sweden referred to as “Swedish.”

“Swedish” name is from the Middle Ages in the southern Lake M?laren establishment of the “Svea country” an evolved. “Svea” Old High German is the “relative” means. Formally established in 1905, “the Kingdom of Sweden.”

Second, the location.

Sweden is located in the eastern half of the Nordic Scandinavian peninsula. Then west and north-west Norway, Finland, the northeast, east of the Gulf of Bothnia sea, southwest is the North Sea.

Third, the main profile.

Swedish National area of ??44.9964 square kilometers (excluding adjacent to the sea). Population 8,382,000 (1986). Mainly Swedes, Finns, Lapps, other nationals accounted for a tiny minority.

Swedish country is divided into 24 provinces and one municipality, located below the provincial municipal area. Capital Stockholm. Currency as “crowns.” The official language is Swedish.

Fourth, social customs.

The general characteristics of social customs of the Swedes could be summed up with these words:

Swedish friend is very talkative, personality straightforward love bluntly;

Feelings of sincere and humorous, outgoing and very optimistic;

Generally unruly behavior, hobbies, interests quite extensive;

People want hi bright confrontation with disgust darkness;

Treat people very warm, polite habit.

Details of life has the following characteristics.

Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, although the same is a Scandinavian country, but the Swedes in the political and social communication than other kingdoms to open up. Swedish special geographical environment and the peace and tranquility of life, both optimistic and formed their taciturn, but both are willing to make a complex and relatively eccentric personality. They have a higher cultural upbringing, civilized conversation, behavior rules. When talking with the guests in general, do not love too close, one meter distance far more compatible. They talk with the guests, there is a special diet, they always like you look at me, I look at you. Think that both seem attached to each other, but also expressed mutual intimacy. When they entertain guests, toast, there are also rules. Under normal circumstances, customers have to wait for the owner, the elderly or people in high positions before toast toast; in the master did not say “please” before not clink and so on. They complete meal dinner guests, the total from the table happy guests expressed gratitude to the owner, and also express my gratitude once again to call the next day, otherwise they will think you are impolite. They do not want the afternoon social activities. Because they are generally accustomed to 14:00 to 5:00 rest between, 10pm to 2am until after activities. Their favorite quiet and elegant environment, it is doubly love flowers, especially water lily flower crown more preference. They like blackbirds, that it imitate a variety of birds chirping, sounds mildly appealing, particularly pleasing. Therefore, it is also for the national bird of its metaphor. They are wearing the ring both for decoration, but also a symbol of occupation. General ring pattern on oak leaves, mostly secondary school teachers; has a bunch of black locust leaves, an ax and a cross intertwined patterns, mostly for carpenters; decorated with a crown pattern who may Cabo workers. However, the symbolic occupation of the ring is worn on the index finger, unlike the wedding ring worn on the ring finger. Sweden Kuideng Na women like to use aroma of flowers made earrings. They even put together with many garlands made Zhichui shoulders, elegant colors such as green, yellow, white, etc., meet friends, first to hear the other party earrings for the ceremony, if the other party earrings no aroma, smell mold who would think that touched the head. Swedes vote pro-church members, always ready with a bouquet of flowers or a box of chocolates. They think that it is a necessary etiquette.

Five, etiquette

Swedes meet with guests, the general practice to shake hands for the ceremony. They also applied kissing ceremony, but not a lot to see. Lapps in Sweden to meet with each other rubbing his nose as a courtesy; Samoan places nose sniffing each other for the ceremony. Sweden Eskimos acquaintances meet, like each other with fists pounding head and shoulders, to show courtesy.

General etiquette.

Understanding of Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland, the cultural differences between, it is shown that visitors prudent careful flags.

Dating and punctual.

Punctual for appointments must be done, especially when you’re invited to a stranger at home when the Swedes.

Hospitality and gifts.

Send a bouquet of flowers to the hostess would be welcome.

Since drunk driving is severely punished, at a social gathering usually designated one person as the driver, who is not allowed to drink.

Toasting the form than the other Scandinavian countries are more formal. For example, if you know the following of these old-school etiquette, it will leave a good impression to the owner:

⊿ Never in your host or you are bit high than older people to give them before you toast toast.

⊿ to wait for the owner to say “Skoal” (Cheers) before drinking.

⊿ Strictly speaking, this is the toast of the action; put the glass from the waist upward lift to Qi conspicuous place, look at each other and say “Skoal”, gulp, and then toward the bottom of the cup masters, then put the empty cup back to the table.

Chat.

Talk about can involve many aspects, but do not go comments on Swedish culture or politics.

Six, beliefs taboo.

Most Swedes are Protestant, although there claiming religious freedom, but the Lutheran Church (Lutheran) Church of nature with the country, with approximately 90% of the country’s population Christians, followed by a Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Judaism.

Swede taboo stranger asked about their political leanings, family economic situation, age, religion, action whereabouts and other issues. Because this is their private affair, no others know. Sweden is a semi-temperance country, so the wine is not available as a gift, they are taboo, “13″, that “13″ would only bring disaster and grief. They are particularly taboo yellow, blue group color. They abstain from someone in front of your nose or picking his nose, which is considered shameful and immoral. They abstain from someone hurts birds and cats, dogs and other animals, that this is some of the animals should be protected. Under the watchful eyes of their words and deeds appear excessive intimacy could not understand, and think it is immoral. They abstain from smoking in public places casually. Think so harmful to the health of others. They do not like too much greasy food; Some people do not eat eggs.

Seven, eating habits.

Swede dinner guests, there is a stubborn habit, they are generally required to make guests sit in the owner’s left. They are generally used to eat Continental food, eat ham and cream cakes and other foods. Chinese food is also quite like it. They especially like lean meat tenderizer and a variety of fresh vegetables, and is ready to drink soup.

Swedes in eating habits has the following characteristics:

① focus attention dishes tender and burnt, pay attention to thick soup.

② general taste taste hi light, prefer sweet, spicy Road.

③ staple food to pasta, eat dumpling, steamed dumplings, rolls, pastries, etc.; also love to eat rice; eat Western food like cakes, cream cakes and other snacks.

④ non-staple food eat pork, ham, beef, venison, venison, chicken, duck, fish, shrimp, sea cucumber and egg; vegetables eat potatoes, cabbage, eggplant, green peppers, onions, cauliflower, tomatoes, cucumbers, mustard, etc.; spices hi, tomato sauce, chili powder, cloves, coriander Wando son, black pepper, vinegar, sugar and so on.

⑤ Method for mixing, frying, roasting, grilling, fire, rely on, deep-fried cooking methods such as the production of food preference.

⑥ favorite Chinese Cantonese Chinese and Sichuan cuisine.

⑦ appreciate recipes mixed lettuce, potatoes, roast beef, roast seafood clear, hot and sour cucumbers, Youpao shrimp, crispy chicken, braised fish, wafer steak, spicy meat, bamboo shoots pigeons tablets, ham Grilled cabbage, green spring rolls, lettuce chicken, oyster mushroom, shrimp segment by fire, meat roasted eggplant, fragrant hemp chicken breast, tomato soup and other dishes.

⑧ Shuijiu generally do not drink liquor; Some people still prefer beer on ice; other drinks to coffee, cocoa, soft drinks; mineral water very strong interest; mostly love thirsty milk and scented tea.

⑨ fruit eat apples, strawberries; litchi, watermelon and other fruit; nuts like peanuts, raisins, etc.

May
23
2013

Approach China, Start from Antique

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Antique is the precious goods, which were left by our ancestors. Numerous historical, cultural, social information are deposited on those antiques.Such information is that any other objects can not be replaced.

Why it is called antique, there is no doubt it has a very long history. For this old-aged antiques, how should we save it?

For those antique calligraphy and paintings, how to save? How to prevent mildew it?

calligraphy and painting antique (red-crowned crane)

calligraphy and painting antique (red-crowned crane)

Imagine an age-old antique calligraphy and painting, I do not know how much admiration was removed by hand, those who enjoy playing, are hard to find soul mate in life, ah, those who play and enjoy, perhaps dignitaries, perhaps lonely scholar, perhaps lakes hermit, perhaps Pink Lady, although missed the meet, there are things they can breath, an encouragement, it will be past, present and even the future of the people together, and how one not be fascinated. And those treasures might dripping ancestors of effort, says the family honor, the suspect in this generation unshaken sentiment. Even entrusted with the hopes affection from generation to generation, which in turn how one not cherish it? Can is so precious things, a long time will be very easy to be worm-eaten, and fear wet and dry, compared with than other collections, even more precious, the maximum limit for the low prolong life, protect the painting must pay attention to moisture. Recommend the use of electronic Cabinets, adjust the temperature.

When the ambient temperature is over 50% RH or more, the number of antique calligraphy and painting or a variety of collections, to arrive over moisture erosion, antique paintings of different materials and collectible items, they need the best storage conditions are different, but the preservation of the basic concepts are as follows:

Temperature control:
Calligraphy class is primarily made of paper and Juan, Ling, cotton and other fabrics constitute, in relative humidity 55-65% RH most favorable.

Display mode:
Calligraphy class: generally available special bag or flat bezel, if joint proposal on the electronic Cabinets, the lid can open the inner box

Department of air circulation. All kinds of goods in the apartment when placed at the bottom of the best paved with swan mechanical cloth to avoid scratching the bottom of the phenomenon of handicrafts.

Moth:
All kinds of antique treasures are afraid of insects, cockroaches, termites and other insects, lower temperatures and placed within a pest control electronic Cabinets category infringement, if necessary, put some natural pest material pepper, wormwood, camphor wood avoid the use of chemical volatile deworming drugs in order to avoid destruction of chemical volatile painting results.

How to preserve jade antique?

jade antique

jade antique

In addition to preventing it fall apart, but they still need to know Jade has “three bogey three fears.” Jade’s “three bogey” is a bogey fishy, ??avoid greasy, avoid dirty gas, salty, fishy jade are easily hurt, and some people play jade, like to use surface oil, hair oil or lard leftover smear jade, thinking that they can make the jade oily. In fact, these fats hinder jade revealing naked, into a “closed” rather than to make it moist. Experienced play jade expert, play the course of time, I’m afraid the oil ooze, every time it’s washed in hot water or washed with hot tea for retired oil maintenance, so Jade can run.

“Three fears” are afraid of ice, fear of fire, fear of ginger water. Jade regular contact with the ice, Tumen damaged Yuli sadly not significantly superior Qin, they will not live to become “dead color”; if often associated with fire near paste that back; with ginger water contact, the existing color Qin will be eclipsed, such as dip for too long, it will be covered up pitting.

Antique porcelain maintenance tips

porcelain antique

porcelain antique

Chinese ancient ceramics artistic treasures of human culture in the bright pearl. Ancient ancestors created this precious cultural heritage has been preserved intact by a small number. Both devices or handed down, due to natural or man-made factors such as the role of most of them have varying degrees of damage. So in order to protect the cultural heritage, the following give a few suggestions.

Ceramic ideal storage method is to put custom porcelain box, box with sponge or foam pad, do not put two porcelain together, If you have to put together must use foam separated. To display it is best placed in a fixed wooden shelf Shelf made of solid wood for example, made of glass shelves not the best.

Porcelain figure statue to take place, it should be noted Beware statue beard and hair and finger part, because of the some of the most prominent slender, easily damaged.

Normal maintenance can use a damp cloth porcelain. From the point of view antique damaged, mainly due to temperature, humidity, harmful gases, UV rays, mold, insects and other effects.

Patch Porcelain
Glazed residual defect fill with resin and quartz powder will be transferred to a paste, do local sludge or gypsum mold with resin paste fill, the water sanding smooth.

May
22
2013

United States and Myanmar signed the Trade and Investment Framework Agreement

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U.S. Trade Representative’s office issued a statement on the 21st, the day the United States and Myanmar signed the Trade and Investment Framework Agreement, the agreement between the two governments on trade and investment issues continue to build a platform for dialogue and cooperation.

Acting U.S. Trade Representative Demetrius Terry Oswald? Malan Ortiz with Myanmar Vice Minister of Commerce Kashiwayama the day the agreement was signed in Washington. Malan Ortiz said in a statement: “Economic reform and trade and promote each other. Strengthen the system, transparency and legal construction of commercial transactions, trade and investment to create a more solid foundation.”

In the agreement, the two sides to respect, promote and implement the consensus on the importance of their respective laws. The United States stresses the importance on labor rights issues.

U.S. President Barack Obama met at the White House on the 20th President of Myanmar Thein Sein, which is about 50 years, Myanmar leaders first visit. Obama expressed support for the new government of Myanmar. Myanmar new government took office in March 2011, relations between Myanmar and the United States continues to improve, the United States since 1996 and gradually relax the sanctions imposed on Burma. According to U.S. government data, the United States and Myanmar bilateral trade volume in the first three months of this year amounted to $ 90 million, of which U.S. $ 89 million exports to Myanmar. Agreement will help Myanmar to deepen economic reforms and to seek more U.S. investment.

May
22
2013

Chinese legal ivory trade has nothing to do with the world of wild elephant poaching

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According to Voice of China “news and newspaper summary” report, today is World Wildlife Protection Day, let us focus on common living on Earth animal friends. State Forestry Administration, Yin Hong, deputy director, said yesterday that China rare and endangered species of terrestrial wildlife has basically reversed the declining trend, on the whole steadily, and the number of critically endangered terrestrial wildlife are gradually get rid of the risk of extinction . Where wild giant panda population reached 1,596, artificial breeding population reached 341; crested ibis discovered from 1981 to the remaining seven wild populations and the development of artificial breeding populations total over 1700; wild tiger populations from December 2000 to 16 increased to 18-22; alligators from the 1980s to approximately 300 development to over 10,000; already extinct in the wild horse, elk and re-establish wild populations. SFA also pointed out that China’s legal ivory trade and elephant poaching wild world is not necessarily linked.

Wildlife Conservation and Nature Reserve Management Division Chief YAN Xun said that the Chinese government attached great importance to elephant conservation. If a company wants to get the ivory ，trade, should have multiple conditions. YAN Xun: “China is mainly used for the ivory trade exquisite ivory carving tradition, not a general trade.

This business must first have a master craftsman, this award-winning master have carved ivory works, and this master to be able to pass with students and apprentices and this also should have a legitimate enterprise work environment, space, money, etc. This enterprise must have a legitimate source of raw ivory these are the sources of raw materials from Africa, these enterprises through public auction, the

CITES Secretariat completed under the supervision. ”
YAN Xun pointed out that, so far, China published once every two years to legally sell ivory processing enterprises and enterprises of the list. YAN Xun: “legal ivory processing companies a total of 37 sales companies is 145, and each year, the consumption of these companies are not more than 5000 kg of ivory total.”

May
21
2013

Ireland business etiquette: Green is the lucky color

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First, the origins of country names
Irish derives its name from the major ethnic Irish. Celtic Ireland “means” behind “,” west “. The island is located at western Europe is named. Here North ouvidor Scheeren, called it “Ireland”, meaning “Western countries” or “green country”. April 18, 1937 Ireland formally declares independence, and the country’s name “Ireland”.

Second, the location
Ireland is located in the island of Ireland in western Europe. The west by the Atlantic Ocean, northeast border of Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, east across the Irish Sea and across the UK.

Third, the main profile
Ireland area of 7.0282 million square kilometers. Ireland, accounting for 98.7% of the country’s total population.

The Ireland country is divided into 27 counties and four county-level cities. Dublin, the capital. The currency is the Irish pound. The official language is Irish and English.

Fourth, social customs
Irish social customs can use these words to summarize: Irish people in Western Europe, life is not too picky about; Hi casual cheerful, courtesy and manners never lost; “Harp” the most worshiped, Chiaki national symbol; Green gives auspicious by Nick Love needs; “13″, “Friday” is taboo, these must be imprinted in my mind.On the details of life has the following characteristics:

Irish by the British influence in their daily lives, but do not like the British ceremony and attention to identity and style. Generally they are more cheerful and casual, focusing on affordable. In dealing with people, great attention to etiquette. They talked as special attention to the polite accomplishment. In social situations, a lot of them as a courtesy, “please”, “thank you”, “Please forgive me”, their idioms, they still respect for women, “Ladies first” has become a tradition in their lives. Whether doing things, men have to take care of the woman, everything should be the first from female to male.

“Harp” is the nickname of the Irish. Irish folk instruments, just like a string of linear. The pattern of the national emblem of Ireland is the harp, Irish harp pattern most admired and loved. They advocate green. Green as the life and strength. Green will bring a better environment to bring the happiness of life. They prefer the “clover” and hailed as the national flower. Both men and women every case of holiday celebrations, and are used to wear a bunch of “clover” in the chest. They also endemic dog. According to the information, Ireland 40% of the family dog.

Five etiquette
Irish meet with the guests in social situations, usual and customary to shake hands for the ceremony. Meet with friends and family, most of them are used to pro-cheek or paste cheek two or three times instead of shaking hands, to show mutual affectionate and friendly.

General etiquette
By convention, guests use the phone should take the initiative.

Appointments on time
Business meeting to be agreed in advance, but remember that the Irish people do not have the concept of time

Hospitality and gifts
Invited to the Irish guest house, is welcome to send flowers or chocolates to women active people. If you invited to dinner, bottle of wine or cheese are the right gift.

Commercial activities, gifts, and very cases.
Chat
Avoid talking about religion or politics.

6, beliefs taboo
The majority of the Irish Roman Catholic and Protestant, there are a few people. Taboo “13″, “Friday”. They see “13″ and “Friday” depressing numbers and dates. Most people have a belief that in any case where the “13″ or “Friday” to do things, it may unfortunately occur or disaster on his own head.

Irish taboo cross-handshake, or cross-talk with several people at the same time. They think these are rude section is very rude behavior. They taboo to see a single magpie. Who has ever seen a single magpie, quasi will be unfortunate thing to be imminent. But if you see two magpies at the same time, it would augur you will surely have a happy event came before. They do not want others to say in their own future wages, age, and marital status. They think that these are all areas of private life of individuals, do not need others to intervene and interfere. They are generally focus on efficiency. Customary work is work, rest do not want to work. Therefore, they do not like to rest or meal to discuss official business.

Irish spicy dishes is not very interested in the diet; does not like to eat the dishes with the juice.

7, eating habits
The Irish usually used to eating British Western food. Eating habits to use a knife and fork. They are also very fond of Chinese cuisine. In particular, they like to eat fried dishes, particularly high nutritional value of the dishes, the more they preferred; They are happy to drink the broth; like with a variety of condiments on the table.

Irish entertain friends quite particular about the tea party. Visiting friends seated, let drink dark beer unique to Ireland (ness), and then, the owner finally agreed to end on tea or coffee and other convenience foods.

Irish hobby in the diet has the following characteristics:

(1) pay attention to pay attention to the nutrition of the dishes, pay attention to the dishes to be a small amount of high quality.

② general taste flavors do not like salty, sweet love microstrip.

(3) the staple food staple food generally surface-based, sweet dumpling, dumplings and dim sum.

④ non-staple food eat beef, lamb, pork, fish, chicken, duck, game products, eggs, etc.; vegetables like tomatoes, cucumbers, bell pepper, eggplant, cabbage, potatoes, etc.; spices love with tomato sauce, pepper, curry powder, MSG and salt.

The ⑤ system of law burned, roasted, fried, deep-fried cooking methods such as the production of food preference.

⑥ China’s Jiangsu cuisine, Cantonese Chinese food favorite.

(7) recipes appreciate Assorted platter, fried egg rolls, lettuce chicken nuggets, fried lion head, dried shrimps burn wild rice melon, the Scallions beef, chicken heat and simmer Gansi of, roast duck, crispy chicken, fried shrimp, fried pheasant piece, baked milk pigs and other dishes.

⑧ Shuijiu like to drink beer, wine, champagne, brandy; drink coffee, milk, cocoa, particularly drink mineral water (according to information on the annual per capita drink 200 liters), they also like to drink tea; water jelly, ice cream also love to eat.

⑨ fruits like apples, grapes, bananas, oranges, etc. are; the dried fruit willing taste of raisins and almonds.

May
20
2013

Chinese folk art ——– Shadow Play

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Shadow play, also known as “shadow play” or “lights in the play” is a silhouette figures made of animal skins or cardboard, cloth acting with every light in the light irradiation, is one of the puppet Chinese folk widespread. Performance, the artists behind the white curtain side manipulation opera characters sing above story side with local popular tunes, accompanied by percussion and strings at the same time, there is a strong local flavor. Shadow puppetry is an ancient traditional art of Chinese Han folk, the old Beijingers call it “Donkey Skin shadow.

Shadow play, formerly known as “shadow play” or “lights in the play, is made of an irradiated with light skins or cardboard silhouette figures to show the story of folk drama. Performance, the artists behind the white curtain side manipulation opera characters sing above story side with local popular tunes, accompanied by percussion and strings at the same time, there is a strong local flavor. In rural areas of Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu Tianshui Zhuopu Han folk art form popular with people welcome.

Shadow Puppet

Shadow Puppet

Its performers behind the scenes silhouette, singing, accompanied by music. Film, television, and so the media has not been developed in the past years, the shadow play was one of the very popular folk entertainment.

Shadow puppetry is an ancient traditional art of Chinese Han folk, the old Beijingers call it “Donkey Skin shadow. Thousands of years, this ancient art, along with the generations of the first people to spend a lot of fun time. Shadow puppets are not only art, or an authentic crafts. It is with cowhide, donkeys, horses, mules skin, after the choice of materials, carving, color, stitching, made of painted several processes. Shadow puppets making elegant, exquisite workmanship, show up joyfully lively and vivid. By the external environment as well as the skins texture of the material on the differences in the various factors, shadow even styling around.

May
20
2013

Denmark Business Etiquette

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Kingdom of Denmark

First, the origins of country names

Kingdom of Denmark “Denmark”.
“Denmark” means “the Dan people living land”, or “multi-Beach National. In the old high German, “Dan”, “beach” or “forest” meaning; “wheat” is the meaning of the “land” or “State”. About AD 985 to form a unified Kingdom in April 1940, occupied by Nazi Germany, May 5, 1945 liberation.

Second, the location
Denmark is located in northern Europe, the Baltic Sea to the North Sea at the outlet, including most of Jutland and Zealand, Funen, Lolland, Falster and 406 islands. West across the North Sea, on the east Baltic Sea, north and northeast across Sweden, Norway, south of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Third, the main profile
Danish National area of ??4.3092 million square kilometers. Danes accounted for the vast majority of the country’s population; addition there are a small part of the Germans, Swedes, Norwegians, Jews. Denmark the country is divided into 14 states and 277 cities. Capital Copenhagen. The currency is the Danish Krone. The official language is Danish.

Fourth, social customs
Danes general characteristics of social customs can use these words to summarize: Danish friends about friendly attire heavy instrument; Pirate ancestor record family business, national proud very proud; Cheerful refreshing features, generous and honest and good heart; The language of humor with a sense of humor, common image to help preaching; Treat the guests a very warm, emphasis on etiquette and courtesy.

On the details of life has the following characteristics: Danes are very civilized. They both French and cheerful, and Americans solemn, as well as the kind of Italians bold character. They are optimistic by nature, focusing instruments, pay attention to dress, and good at World of exotic friend, can get along very well. Their language humor, often the image to help preaching, it is the actual sense, can make you a better understanding of his trying to say from the aftertaste.Danes, as the wine for the “Water for Life”. Some hospitality drinking warm simply unacceptable, even you did not notice when added to your low alcohol wine spirits to show their sincerity and in truth. They toast There are many rules. They toast meticulous. The same time, guests should not be the first toast to wait for the owner, before the elders or high positions toast toast. In addition, the owner did not say
“please” before anyone should not touch the glass. Danes conversation with the guests, always used to both sides from a little farther. Generally 1.2 meters more appropriate. They are extremely worship mermaid. Chinese people worship the dragon, they feel proud mermaid. Their favorite beautiful lark bird.Beautiful and auspicious that the lark for the people, so people metaphor for the national bird. They also have a special feeling for ducks. In some big cities, people often encounter ducks, car or pedestrian,then will be courteous duck through.

Fifth, meet with the guests in a social situation, the Danes are generally accustomed to shake hands for the ceremony. The Danish women (especially unmarried women) to meet with the identity of the man, to gently dress side of the body lift side facilities curtsy; While some facilities curtsy, sent to the other side of the hand, so that the other Shi kiss on the hand.

General etiquette
Do not have to take a taxi to tip – pay the bill in restaurants and hotels do not have to tip.

Title and greetings
Both men and women shaking hands.

Appointments on time
All Scandinavians, the Danes like summer. The busy business activities in July and August is difficult, and it is ill-considered. Comply with the time must be done.

Hospitality and gifts
The toast usually say Skoal (Cheers) – can toast to any person or all the staff. If you are a VIP, will be seated to the left of the hostess. Danish customs, VIP after the meal toast to the hostess thank, praise her exquisite dishes prepared (with appropriate rhetorical guns). Danish people like to use the kind of Scandinavian spirits (literally called “Water for Life”) King off, so prior to be alert.Prematurely after a meal is impolite to say goodbye to the owner.Go to someone with a bouquet of flowers is always welcome. Men can be considered in the pack with a small set of dress, because here held senior business people attend required to wear a party dress and black tie banquet more than other countries.

Sixth, beliefs taboo
Danish the most Protestant Evangelical Lutheran Church (Lutheran), this church is also Denmark’s national church. They taboo “13″, “Friday”. That encountered these numbers or dates is very depressed, is a sign of evil will be coming. They abstain from cigarette lighter with a match to three people at the same time, think this is a very auspicious. They abstain from salt that salt will bring disaster. They do not like people looking for them to talk business in July and August. Because their country long winter, people cherish the summer time in about two months. If, during this time you disturb them, I’m afraid you will not be in good faith, the warm reception. They abstain from the four cross-handshake. Think that it is unlucky and amicable.

Seventh, eating habits

Danes bread deep feelings, they can be produced all kinds of single-layer, double-layer and multi-layer 700 kinds of bread, bread named after the name of the “Hans Christian Andersen” won the people’s preference. If you are the layers folder on bacon slices, tomato slices, liver paste, sauce, water radish slices, then I worthy to be called a good meal. They like to eat the orange juice mixed with duck pieces, it is said that this dish is usually the gallery as their banquet finale children cuisine. Habit to eat Western food, Chinese food is also quite interested.

Danes on the eating habits has the following characteristics:
(1) pay attention to exquisite dishes fragrant, crisp, pay attention to the various dishes and fine quality.
(2) tastes generally do not like salty, sweet love slightly acidic.The ③ staple food to pasta, eat bread and other foods.
④ non-staple food love to eat fish, chicken, duck, eggs, pork, beef, mutton, frozen meat, a sense of meat, cheese, etc.; vegetables like potatoes, tomatoes, onion, cabbage, etc.; seasoning love with cloves, the Wando coriander sub, tomato sauce, vinegar, sugar, and so on.
(5) system on the salad, fried, grilled, fried, burn and other cooking methods produced food preference.
(6) Chinese food favorite Chinese Cantonese cuisine.
(7) recipes admire cold platter, ketchup, fried duck leg, Crispy meatballs, Huadan beef, almond turtles, juice steak, crispy chicken, dry prawn, Magnolia shredded pork, mushroom fish soup cuisine.
⑧ Shuijiu like to drink beer; drink orange juice, mineral water, yogurt, coffee, cocoa; also happy to taste Jasmine scented tea.The ⑨ sweet oranges, tangerines, apples, grapes and other fruit; dried fruit eat almonds, raisins and other.

May
17
2013

Italian Business Etiquette

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Italy

First, the origins of country names

Republic of Italy referred to as “Italian”.

Italy ancient the Aino Elijah , due to the changes in the voice,” Wei Australian “” prestige “umlaut” meaning “that is referred to as the” Italy and Asia “, which means” paradise “calf growth. Some people say that the name of the “Italy” is the name of the country, an ancient tribal leaders evolved. Its ancient Roman Empire. Built in 1870, the Kingdom of Italy. June 2, 1946 was officially named as the Italian Republic.

Second, the location

Italy is located in southern Europe, including the peninsula and Sicily, Sardinia and other islands. Northern France, Switzerland, Austria, bordering Yugoslavia, East, West, South facing the Adriatic and the Mediterranean.

Third, the main profile

Italian National area of ​​30.1277 million square kilometers. Italy accounted for the vast majority of the country’s population, and the rest left for a fee instead of themselves, the Latins, the Austrians.

Italy, the country is divided into 20 districts, 94 provinces, below the provincial city (town) three Administrative Region. Capital of Rome. The currency is the “Lira”. Italian is the official language.

Fourth, social customs

Italian social customs general characteristics can be summarized with these words:

Italians are very open-minded, the ideological emancipation mind spirit;

Straightforward and upright character, not playing scheming speak the open and;

Social occasion dress in behavior to correct;

Talked to respect people, “you” commensurate with the honorific;

Cultivate civility and courtesy, dealing with people most enthusiastic.

On the details of life has the following characteristics:

Italy to meet with the guests, customary enthusiasm to say hello to the guests, smiling to the “you” to refer to the guests. Guests generally like to call them with the title. Their concept of time is not strong, and that such a courtesy style dating always used to be late. On official occasions dressed, dignified demeanor, usually also very love to dress themselves. The clothes are like the maverick. They speak outspoken, emotional love and excited to talk about problems, do not beat around the bush or playing scheming, are generally straight out straight into the frank.

Italian people used to use sign language to express the wishes of the individual, the gesture: O-thumb and forefinger into the remaining three fingers cocked, Yibiao “good”, “line” or “all goes well”; put up the index finger back and forth Yibiao “No”, “No”, “No”; while out of hand, coupled with the curled his lip, Yibiao “do not know” and “no comment”; rotate back and forth with the index finger to withstand the cheek, Yibiao “delicious” ; and in five batches interference, palms down, back and forth in the stomach turning Yibiao “hunger”; fingers together to carom forehead, the side of the index finger, Yibiao criticize others “idiot”, “fool”.

Italian favorite green, blue, and yellow, depending on the green spring colors; think blue will bring good luck; yellow is commonly used in the beauty of God and wedding apparel. They prefer Zou Ju, Zou chrysanthemum symbolizes the gentleman of the Italian people and the innocent. Abnormal love their dogs and cats two animals. Some people have dogs as their family members, that dog is man’s best friend. The cats feelings deep reason is that the cat was a local elimination of plague made credit.

Five etiquette

Italians when they meet each other, most of the conventional handshake, common friends, and more beckoned. The Italy Gesezinuo met a friend used to cap pulled low, as an expression of respect to a friend.

General etiquette

The tip of the convention, to give clean up the room maids, porters and parking attendants; bill includes service fee, should give the waiter students leave a little tip.

Title and greetings

The Italians like all shaking hands and gestures to express meaning.

University graduates who have a title, and want you to call them when to use the title.

Appointments on time

Compliance with the virtue of the time not Italian – at least in the social event of non-compliance. Commercial appointments to be arranged in advance.

Hospitality and gifts

The lunch is the most sumptuous meal, is likely to continue twenty-three hours in exceptional circumstances.

The owner has repeatedly refused to accept invited to lunch or dinner, which is considered to be out of politeness. If a dinner party at home, you should bring wine, flowers or chocolates. Avoid sending daisy, it is for the funeral. Flowers to send a single number or a dozen.

Commercial exchange of gifts is very common in Italy.

Chat

The general topic of soccer, family affairs, business and local news.

Should avoid the topic of football and politics.

6, beliefs taboo

Roman Catholicism as the state religion of Italy, and a small amount of Protestants and Jews.

Italian taboo “13″ and “Friday”. That the number “13″ symbolizes “Eritrea trillion,” Friday “is extremely unlucky. They taboo chrysanthemum. Because the chrysanthemum is used for funeral flowers, people see it as the “Funeral Flowers”, “demon to spend. They avoid for the ceremony with a handkerchief or give as gifts. A handkerchief to wipe the tears, is a sad thing. So, with a handkerchief gifts is rude, but also impolite. They taboo others eyes gaze. Eyes gaze is not respected, there may be bad attempt. They chat with the guests do not like to talk about the political aspects of the problem, as well as American football and other topics.

7, eating habits

Italians used to eating Western food, French dishes are generally more emphasis to dinner. Most people like to drink yogurt meals. They very much appreciate Chinese meals, most people like to eat Chinese delicacies.

Italians do rice, are used to Amoy good rice and chopped onion together in the pan, fry a little, and then poured into the skillet, add salt and water, cover the lid, simmer cooked. They like to drink and very particular about. Generally before meals, drink an aperitif, fish, drink white wine, meat, drink red wine, like wine after dinner drink small amounts of alcohol, and add some ice. Their eating habits to stall for time, as long as twenty-three hours. Usually without knife and fork, eat with the clutch. They love to eat the pepper, the more spicy dishes as possible.

Italian eating habits has the following characteristics:

(1) pay attention to pay attention to cuisine and wine with concentrated focus on dishes, fragrant; rotten.

The ② taste in general taste hi fat concentration, love spicy, sweet and sour.

The ③ staple food to pasta, eat rice. Dumpling, fried dumpling, dumplings, fried rice noodles, are interested.

④ non-staple food like chicken, duck, fish, shrimp, sea cucumber, pork, beef, mutton; also love to eat tomatoes, cucumbers, spinach, cabbage, onions, potatoes, peas, eggplant, radish, turnip, green peppers and other vegetables; spices favorite onions, tomato sauce, cheese, pepper, garlic and so on.

(5) system of law is fried, fried, grilled, fried, braised, braised cooking methods such as the production of food preference.

(6) Chinese food favorite Chinese Shandong, Beijing and Sichuan dishes.

(7) recipes admire salad vermicelli, bean curd, crispy chicken, sweet & sour turnip, fried spring rolls, spicy diced the Scallions beef, fire by prawns, dry fish, dry milk the Beko melon ball, wrap the chicken, hot and sour egg drop soup and other dishes.

⑧ watery liquor drink coffee, yogurt, mineral water and iced soda; willing to drink tea, used to drink mint tea in the evening; beer, champagne, white wine, brandy, all the varieties they love to drink.

The ⑨ fruit oranges, tangerines, lemons, grapes, loquat, apple liked; dried fruit eat peanuts, walnuts, almonds and other.

May
17
2013

Approach China Ceramic Art

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When we mention ceramic, you must think out porcelain immediately. In face, ceramic is the generic terms of pottery and porcelain.

Ceramics is clay and a variety of natural mineral after crushing and mixing, molding and calcining the material as the main raw material of a variety of products. A clay made ​​into items in a special kiln fired at high temperatures is ceramics, ceramic pottery and porcelain general. The ceramic traditional concept refers to the inorganic non-metallic minerals such as clay as raw materials of artificial industrial products. Which comprises from clay or clay-containing mixture was kneaded, molded, sintering.They various articles. By rough dirt to the finest of fine pottery and porcelain are part of its range. For its main raw material is taken from the nature of silicate minerals (such as clay, quartz, etc.), glass, cement, enamel, refractory and other industries, belong to the scope of the silicate industry “.

Ceramic ornamentation: In ancient China, after nearly a thousand years of ceramic culture and technology development, the development of ceramic artifacts a lot about from the texture and ornamentation.

Flower stripes on ceramics: As if there are some real flowers on it.

Flower-shaped Ceramic

Flower-shaped Ceramic

Peacock stripes on ceramics: It blends nature and animals together. You can discover art in a unique way.

Peacock Stripe on Ceramic

Peacock Stripe on Ceramic

Butterfly stripes on ceramics:  It makes home and hotel full of vivide scene.

Butterfly Stripe on Ceramic

Butterfly Stripe on Ceramic

May
16
2013

The pattern of global oil trade will usher in a big change

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According to media reports, the U.S. oil production, resulting in crude oil exports to the United States need to find new markets. The tanker traffic growth rate reached 10 years of a new high.

According to the data, oil ton miles (tonne-mile, the indicators used to measure the global oil trade in, calculate the trading volume at the same time and tankers sail away), soared nearly 10 percent last year, to achieve the creation of a record 7.8 trillion tons. The data covers the main oil-importing countries, these countries accounted for 80% of the seaborne oil.

This surge is basically the same as the case of the oil trade, and therefore reflects the tanker sailing distance increases. Original West African and Latin American exports to the United States crude oil, turned to China and India. For large tanker company, Frontline in Bermuda and the United States of OSG, will generate more revenue.

Oil changes in trade patterns to bring pressure on some important routes in Asia the main channel. Such as the Strait of Malacca – a narrow strait leading to China. U.S. shale oil revolution has created a vivid example of the new security dilemma.

U.S. shale oil boom, especially Venezuela, Nigeria, Angola, and OPEC members had to find new markets.

U.S. oil imports have dropped to the lowest point since 1997. This has led to whether the United States should continue to act as the world’s important sea routes defenders argue. But Goldwyn, the increase in oil trade and transport trends from west to east, asked the United States to re-focus rather than reduce the security measures.

The ton miles increase partly reflects some of the facts of the crude oil production in North America. North Dakota Bakken Basin crude oil is a lightweight high-quality crude oil. This replaces the a similar homogeneity Nigeria crude oil. Many refineries in the United States continue to use heavy oil imports from the Middle East. Therefore, although the 2012 U.S. crude oil imports fell 5%, and the ton mileage is still the same.

India and China has begun the rapid construction of oil refineries, in order to meet the growing demand of domestic petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel. These refineries increase oil imports from West Africa and Latin America.